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Lessons

Tutorial map

Lessons are grouped in parts; each part builds on the previous one. You can skip around, but Part I is the foundation.

35 lessons

Part I: System basics and shell

  1. 01The file system: first look10 minfree
  2. 02The directory tree: /etc, /proc, /sys, /var and the rest15 minfree
  3. 03Files and text: cat, grep, find, cp/mv/rm12 minfree
  4. 04Inodes and links: a file name is not the file12 minfree
  5. 05Pipes and redirects: connecting commands12 minsubscription
  6. 06Permissions: rwx and chmod12 minsubscription
  7. 07Users, groups, and sudo10 minsubscription
  8. 08Processes and signals: ps, kill, jobs12 minsubscription
  9. 09Load average: what the three numbers mean12 minsubscription
  10. 10Environment and shell: PATH, variables, aliases, history10 minsubscription
  11. 11Packages and the package manager: apt, dpkg10 minsubscription
  12. 12find and grep: searching for files and lines14 minsubscription
  13. 13Shell scripts: automation with bash15 minsubscription

Part II: Networking, services, and debugging

  1. 14Networking live: interfaces, addresses, sockets15 minsubscription
  2. 15Packets live: ICMP and the TCP handshake12 minsubscription
  3. 16Routing: h1 → r1 → h2 by hand20 minsubscription
  4. 17DNS: how a name becomes an address12 minsubscription
  5. 18Firewalling with nftables: allow, deny, inspect15 minsubscription
  6. 19NAT and masquerade: how one IP hides many18 minsubscription
  7. 20Debugging with /proc, lsof, and strace15 minsubscription
  8. 21Disk space: df, du, and where it went12 minsubscription
  9. 22Watching the TLS handshake: openssl and tcpdump15 minsubscription
  10. 23xargs: batch processing and parallelism14 minsubscription
  11. 24Advanced redirects and file descriptors15 minsubscription
  12. 25Your own DNS server on BIND9: zones and records18 minsubscription
  13. 26Apache vhosts: one server, many sites16 minsubscription

Part III: Kernel, containers, and routing

  1. 27Network namespaces by hand: what Docker does for you18 minsubscription
  2. 28cgroups v2: where CPU and memory limits live15 minsubscription
  3. 29tc + netem: simulating a bad network15 minsubscription
  4. 30TCP tuning: sysctl, congestion control, ss -ti18 minsubscription
  5. 31Measuring bandwidth: iperf3 baseline -> tc -> degradation15 minsubscription
  6. 32eBPF in one line: bpftrace live18 minsubscription
  7. 33Profiling with perf: where the CPU goes15 minsubscription
  8. 34BGP minimum: two AS, one peering20 minsubscription
  9. 35OSPF area 0: a dynamic IGP across three nodes22 minsubscription