cmd-nft is the replacement for iptables (the older interface to
the same netfilter subsystems in the kernel). On Ubuntu 22+ and
Debian 12+ it is the default. Many enterprise distros still ship
iptables: different syntax, same idea.
This lesson builds the basic skeleton: you create a table, the
input/output chains, and allow/drop rules by port. Keep the
packets visualizer open alongside so you can watch what gets
blocked live.